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	<title>Comments on: It&#8217;s the 1930s All Over Again?</title>
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	<description>The right of the citizens to bear arms in defense of themselves and the State ...</description>
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		<title>By: CorbinKale</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27176</link>
		<dc:creator>CorbinKale</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 20:48:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27176</guid>
		<description>The AR would pass muster under the Miller decision. The right to possess the firearm is covered under Heller. The only thing missing is a decision that will decide &#039;shall not be infringed&#039;. That decision will do one of two things. Nullify all gun laws, or signal mass regulation. It seems like Heller has standing to file another suit. Maybe I am wrong, but I can&#039;t reconcile &#039;shall not be infringed&#039; with &#039;reasonable infringements&#039;.

I look forward to the day when we can do away with the insanity of stepping over invisible lines and a 1/4 inch barrel length being only the difference between upstanding citizens and felons.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The AR would pass muster under the Miller decision. The right to possess the firearm is covered under Heller. The only thing missing is a decision that will decide &#8216;shall not be infringed&#8217;. That decision will do one of two things. Nullify all gun laws, or signal mass regulation. It seems like Heller has standing to file another suit. Maybe I am wrong, but I can&#8217;t reconcile &#8216;shall not be infringed&#8217; with &#8216;reasonable infringements&#8217;.</p>
<p>I look forward to the day when we can do away with the insanity of stepping over invisible lines and a 1/4 inch barrel length being only the difference between upstanding citizens and felons.</p>
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		<title>By: David Codrea</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27151</link>
		<dc:creator>David Codrea</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 12:43:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27151</guid>
		<description>Just went through the transcript--it is in there.  The statement &quot;They had to prove that he knowingly possessed a machine gun&quot; is correct and I withdraw my question to Sebastian.  Whether I or anyone else agrees with or likes the jury verdict is irrelevant.  It is what it is.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just went through the transcript&#8211;it is in there.  The statement &#8220;They had to prove that he knowingly possessed a machine gun&#8221; is correct and I withdraw my question to Sebastian.  Whether I or anyone else agrees with or likes the jury verdict is irrelevant.  It is what it is.</p>
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		<title>By: BC</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27145</link>
		<dc:creator>BC</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 08:27:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27145</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;Please show me where that was the case in the trial transcript.&lt;/i&gt;

It won&#039;t be found in the trial transcript. It&#039;s in the statutory definition of the offense.

18 U.S.C. § 922(o)(1): Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be unlawful for any person to transfer or possess a machinegun.

18 U.S.C. § 924(a)(2): Whoever &lt;b&gt;knowingly&lt;/b&gt; violates subsection (a)(6), (d), (g), (h), (i), (j), or (o) of section 922 shall be fined as provided in this title, imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.

Emphasis mine. 922(o) violations aren&#039;t strict-liability offenses. The prosecutor has to prove the defendant knowingly violated 922(o) as part of his case-in-chief.

Knowledge, for the purposes of the section, is knowledge that (per 26 U.S.C. § 5845(b)) the gun shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger -- &lt;b&gt;not&lt;/b&gt; that a statute defines such firearms as machine guns, nor that possessing or transferring such a weapon is against the law.

Olofson tried to claim that he didn&#039;t know the gun he gave to Kiernicki fired automatically, and that it was just a malfunctioning AR. The jury thought he was full of crap, likely based in large part on Kiernicki&#039;s testimony of Olofson&#039;s statements to him. &lt;i&gt;See&lt;/i&gt; Tr. Transcript 38-39, &lt;i&gt;U.S. v. Olofson&lt;/i&gt;, WL 2463280 (E.D. Wis. 2007).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>Please show me where that was the case in the trial transcript.</i></p>
<p>It won&#8217;t be found in the trial transcript. It&#8217;s in the statutory definition of the offense.</p>
<p>18 U.S.C. § 922(o)(1): Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be unlawful for any person to transfer or possess a machinegun.</p>
<p>18 U.S.C. § 924(a)(2): Whoever <b>knowingly</b> violates subsection (a)(6), (d), (g), (h), (i), (j), or (o) of section 922 shall be fined as provided in this title, imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.</p>
<p>Emphasis mine. 922(o) violations aren&#8217;t strict-liability offenses. The prosecutor has to prove the defendant knowingly violated 922(o) as part of his case-in-chief.</p>
<p>Knowledge, for the purposes of the section, is knowledge that (per 26 U.S.C. § 5845(b)) the gun shoots, is designed to shoot, or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger &#8212; <b>not</b> that a statute defines such firearms as machine guns, nor that possessing or transferring such a weapon is against the law.</p>
<p>Olofson tried to claim that he didn&#8217;t know the gun he gave to Kiernicki fired automatically, and that it was just a malfunctioning AR. The jury thought he was full of crap, likely based in large part on Kiernicki&#8217;s testimony of Olofson&#8217;s statements to him. <i>See</i> Tr. Transcript 38-39, <i>U.S. v. Olofson</i>, WL 2463280 (E.D. Wis. 2007).</p>
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		<title>By: David Codrea</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27141</link>
		<dc:creator>David Codrea</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 04:27:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27141</guid>
		<description>Sebastian: &quot;That in and of itself is not enough to get a conviction. They had to prove that he knowingly possessed a machine gun. &quot;

Please show me where that was the case in the trial transcript.

It didn’t matter the government had repeatedly failed to replicate automatic fire until they replaced the ammunition with a softer primer type. It didn’t even matter that the prosecution admitted it was not important to prove the gun would do it again if the test were conducted today.

What mattered was the government’s position that none of the above was relevant because “[T]here’s no indication it makes any difference under the statute. If you pull the trigger once and it fires more than one round, no matter what the cause it’s a machine gun.”

No matter what the cause.

Please show me where you have different information.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sebastian: &#8220;That in and of itself is not enough to get a conviction. They had to prove that he knowingly possessed a machine gun. &#8221;</p>
<p>Please show me where that was the case in the trial transcript.</p>
<p>It didn’t matter the government had repeatedly failed to replicate automatic fire until they replaced the ammunition with a softer primer type. It didn’t even matter that the prosecution admitted it was not important to prove the gun would do it again if the test were conducted today.</p>
<p>What mattered was the government’s position that none of the above was relevant because “[T]here’s no indication it makes any difference under the statute. If you pull the trigger once and it fires more than one round, no matter what the cause it’s a machine gun.”</p>
<p>No matter what the cause.</p>
<p>Please show me where you have different information.</p>
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		<title>By: Billy Beck</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27140</link>
		<dc:creator>Billy Beck</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 03:38:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27140</guid>
		<description>BC: &lt;i&gt;&quot;...but we’re nowhere close to that point,...&quot;&lt;/i&gt;

(&quot;There you go again...&quot;)

Sebastian: do you recall this matter of individual ethics from the other thread?

Could you explain it to BC?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>BC: <i>&#8220;&#8230;but we’re nowhere close to that point,&#8230;&#8221;</i></p>
<p>(&#8220;There you go again&#8230;&#8221;)</p>
<p>Sebastian: do you recall this matter of individual ethics from the other thread?</p>
<p>Could you explain it to BC?</p>
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		<title>By: Sebastian</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27138</link>
		<dc:creator>Sebastian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 02:31:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27138</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;Oh, and thank you for letting me play in your sandbox. It was rude of me to have left that out.&lt;/i&gt;

It&#039;s fine.  I will always give fair warning before commenters cross the line...

... oh wait ;)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>Oh, and thank you for letting me play in your sandbox. It was rude of me to have left that out.</i></p>
<p>It&#8217;s fine.  I will always give fair warning before commenters cross the line&#8230;</p>
<p>&#8230; oh wait ;)</p>
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		<title>By: Sebastian</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27137</link>
		<dc:creator>Sebastian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 02:27:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27137</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;Sebastian, I’m a bit confused here. If you agree that a lawfully and democratically elected government can be just as tyrannical as a despot, then why play the ‘but-the-arrest-was-legal’ card with such sarcastic condescension (in the original post) to the fellow who feels we’re approaching synchronicity with pre-war Nazi Germany?&lt;/i&gt;

It can be, but that&#039;s not to say I agree that is the case now.  Right now we still have a government that is largely operating within the parameters outlined by its constitution.  I have many bones of contentions when you get down to the nitty gritty details, but in the matters of utmost importance, things are doing just fine... or at least not worse than they have been in the past.

&lt;i&gt;With regards to intent, yea, current laws and enforcement methods are nowhere near as evil as the Nazis. For that matter, they smell more of incompetency than they do of malice. But on the other hand, the rather arbitrary nature of it all is almost as bad in other ways. At least the Jews knew they were, well, Jews. But does an FFL ever know whether the ATF is going to launch a multi-year crusade to shut them down over some obscure paperwork errors like Reds? Did that guy in Cali last year think he would get raided and have all his guns confiscated over some pics on MySpace? Or that guy in Long Island who had his stuff taken for having the audacity to contact Carolyn McCarthy about an issue? Should someone with, say, an AR pistol, SBR and/or rifle with a foregrip ever expect to get busted if the ATF gets bored and wants to play the “constructive possession” game? And what does it take to provoke a raid like Waco? Or the infamous kitten-stomping raid?&lt;/i&gt;

Those are all legitimate grievances, but as bad as they are, if the solution involves war, the cure is going to be far worse than the disease.  The only solution that will resolve them long run is convincing enough of your fellow citizens of the problem that they either work, or at least acquiesce to change things.  One of the great paradoxes of this nation&#039;s founding was that our founders had an extreme distrust of democratic rule, yet, ultimately, they believed in putting the power in the hands of the people, both in terms of arms, and ultimately in political control.  As a nation we have &lt;i&gt;never&lt;/i&gt; lived up in practice to the ideals they had for us, but we&#039;ve done pretty well, considering.

&lt;i&gt;I would argue that the sheer randomness has a chilling effect by itself. How many people do you think there are who would like to own guns (or some specific type), but are just intimidated by all the wacky laws?&lt;/i&gt;

More than a few, which is why I advocate making the laws far less random, and less prone to being violating by the unknowing.  But if the choice is between persuading the people, and making war on them, I choose persuasion.

&lt;i&gt;Anyhow, yea, I agree it’s not time to start shooting yet. And hopefully that time will never come. If it weren’t for the Constitutional question and the fact the antis always try to use it as a stepping stone, I would find the machine gun ban more amusing than anything. The only thing it really accomplishes, aside from raising revenue, is making most of us waste less ammunition.&lt;/i&gt;

Pretty much, which is why I don&#039;t get all that worked up about it.  It think the founders would probably agree that machine gun ownership should be protected by the second amendment.  That&#039;s just based on what I know about them.  But I don&#039;t know what they would have thought about surface to air missiles, or anti-tank rockets.  I mean, I could make a guess they would have thought it should be protected, or maybe had some trepidation, but there was really nothing like that in their times.  

In 1789, there was a certain limit on the destructive power that one man could wield.  These days, if you remove the legal and monetary barriers, a single man could wield the power to destroy a city.  That&#039;s something the founders could never have even dreamed of.  Our civilization has, quite literally, mastered that power behind the stars.  We could argue endlessly about what the founders would have thought about the implications of that, but the fact is, that they would be no better, and would perhaps be less informed to answer those questions than we are now.

When you really start thinking about the issues, nothing is as cut an died as many folks would like to believe.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>Sebastian, I’m a bit confused here. If you agree that a lawfully and democratically elected government can be just as tyrannical as a despot, then why play the ‘but-the-arrest-was-legal’ card with such sarcastic condescension (in the original post) to the fellow who feels we’re approaching synchronicity with pre-war Nazi Germany?</i></p>
<p>It can be, but that&#8217;s not to say I agree that is the case now.  Right now we still have a government that is largely operating within the parameters outlined by its constitution.  I have many bones of contentions when you get down to the nitty gritty details, but in the matters of utmost importance, things are doing just fine&#8230; or at least not worse than they have been in the past.</p>
<p><i>With regards to intent, yea, current laws and enforcement methods are nowhere near as evil as the Nazis. For that matter, they smell more of incompetency than they do of malice. But on the other hand, the rather arbitrary nature of it all is almost as bad in other ways. At least the Jews knew they were, well, Jews. But does an FFL ever know whether the ATF is going to launch a multi-year crusade to shut them down over some obscure paperwork errors like Reds? Did that guy in Cali last year think he would get raided and have all his guns confiscated over some pics on MySpace? Or that guy in Long Island who had his stuff taken for having the audacity to contact Carolyn McCarthy about an issue? Should someone with, say, an AR pistol, SBR and/or rifle with a foregrip ever expect to get busted if the ATF gets bored and wants to play the “constructive possession” game? And what does it take to provoke a raid like Waco? Or the infamous kitten-stomping raid?</i></p>
<p>Those are all legitimate grievances, but as bad as they are, if the solution involves war, the cure is going to be far worse than the disease.  The only solution that will resolve them long run is convincing enough of your fellow citizens of the problem that they either work, or at least acquiesce to change things.  One of the great paradoxes of this nation&#8217;s founding was that our founders had an extreme distrust of democratic rule, yet, ultimately, they believed in putting the power in the hands of the people, both in terms of arms, and ultimately in political control.  As a nation we have <i>never</i> lived up in practice to the ideals they had for us, but we&#8217;ve done pretty well, considering.</p>
<p><i>I would argue that the sheer randomness has a chilling effect by itself. How many people do you think there are who would like to own guns (or some specific type), but are just intimidated by all the wacky laws?</i></p>
<p>More than a few, which is why I advocate making the laws far less random, and less prone to being violating by the unknowing.  But if the choice is between persuading the people, and making war on them, I choose persuasion.</p>
<p><i>Anyhow, yea, I agree it’s not time to start shooting yet. And hopefully that time will never come. If it weren’t for the Constitutional question and the fact the antis always try to use it as a stepping stone, I would find the machine gun ban more amusing than anything. The only thing it really accomplishes, aside from raising revenue, is making most of us waste less ammunition.</i></p>
<p>Pretty much, which is why I don&#8217;t get all that worked up about it.  It think the founders would probably agree that machine gun ownership should be protected by the second amendment.  That&#8217;s just based on what I know about them.  But I don&#8217;t know what they would have thought about surface to air missiles, or anti-tank rockets.  I mean, I could make a guess they would have thought it should be protected, or maybe had some trepidation, but there was really nothing like that in their times.  </p>
<p>In 1789, there was a certain limit on the destructive power that one man could wield.  These days, if you remove the legal and monetary barriers, a single man could wield the power to destroy a city.  That&#8217;s something the founders could never have even dreamed of.  Our civilization has, quite literally, mastered that power behind the stars.  We could argue endlessly about what the founders would have thought about the implications of that, but the fact is, that they would be no better, and would perhaps be less informed to answer those questions than we are now.</p>
<p>When you really start thinking about the issues, nothing is as cut an died as many folks would like to believe.</p>
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		<title>By: Peter</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27136</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 02:23:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27136</guid>
		<description>Oh, and thank you for letting me play in your sandbox. It was rude of me to have left that out.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oh, and thank you for letting me play in your sandbox. It was rude of me to have left that out.</p>
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		<title>By: Peter</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27135</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 02:15:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27135</guid>
		<description>No, Sebastian, I&#039;m done. You have your point of view, and I have mine. BC is looking to throw gasoline on things, and after trying twice to talk with him, it&#039;s plain that he&#039;s just not interested. I&#039;ll stop now.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>No, Sebastian, I&#8217;m done. You have your point of view, and I have mine. BC is looking to throw gasoline on things, and after trying twice to talk with him, it&#8217;s plain that he&#8217;s just not interested. I&#8217;ll stop now.</p>
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		<title>By: Sebastian</title>
		<link>http://www.pagunblog.com/2008/07/25/its-the-1930s-all-over-again/#comment-27133</link>
		<dc:creator>Sebastian</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 26 Jul 2008 02:11:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.snowflakesinhell.com/?p=4224#comment-27133</guid>
		<description>BC/Peter -- We&#039;ve devolved to the point where I&#039;m not sure there&#039;s anything to be had by continuing the pissing contest.  E-mail me if you wish to discuss things further.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>BC/Peter &#8212; We&#8217;ve devolved to the point where I&#8217;m not sure there&#8217;s anything to be had by continuing the pissing contest.  E-mail me if you wish to discuss things further.</p>
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